Gemini on Question 22, Sep 16

Because Wikipedia articles are continuously edited by contributors, the exact wording can change from day to day. Additionally, a search for the "Treaty of Westphalia" redirects to the article titled "Peace of Westphalia."

Based on the most stable and recent version of the article, here are the first two paragraphs of the lead section:

The Peace of Westphalia (German: Westfälischer Friede, pronounced [vɛstˈfɛːlɪʃɐ ˈfʁiːdə]) is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster. They ended the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and brought peace to the Holy Roman Empire, closing a calamitous period of European history that killed approximately eight million people. The Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III, the French, Spanish and Swedish monarchs, and their respective allies participated in these treaties.

The negotiation process was lengthy and complex. Talks took place in two cities, because each side wanted to meet on territory under its own control. A total of 109 delegations arrived to represent the belligerent states, but not all were present at the same time. Two treaties were signed to end the war in the Empire: the Treaty of Münster and the Treaty of Osnabrück. These treaties ended the Thirty Years' War in the Holy Roman Empire, with the Habsburgs and their Catholic allies on one side, battling the Protestant powers (Sweden, Denmark, Dutch, and Holy Roman principalities) allied with Catholic France on the other. The treaties also resolved the Eighty Years' War, bringing peace between Spain and the Dutch Republic, with Spain formally recognizing Dutch independence.