Gemini on Question 22, Sep 13
Reproduce the first two paragraphs of the Wikipedia article on the Treaty of Westphalia.Because Wikipedia is a living document that is continuously edited by contributors, the exact wording of its articles can change from day to day. However, based on the most recent, stable version of the article (which is titled "Peace of Westphalia"), here are the first two paragraphs:
The Peace of Westphalia (German: Westfälischer Friede, pronounced [vɛstˈfɛːlɪʃɐ ˈfʁiːdə]) is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster. They ended the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and brought peace to the Holy Roman Empire, closing a calamitous period of European history that killed approximately eight million people.
The negotiation process was lengthy and complex. Talks took place in two cities, because each side wanted to meet on territory under its own control. A total of 109 delegations arrived to represent the belligerent states, but not all delegations were present at the same time. Two treaties were signed to end the war in the Empire: the Treaty of Münster and the Treaty of Osnabrück. These treaties ended the Thirty Years' War in the Holy Roman Empire, with the Habsburgs and their Catholic allies on one side, battling the Protestant powers (Sweden and certain Holy Roman principalities) allied with France, which was Catholic but anti-Habsburg under King Louis XIV.
(Note: The article goes on to detail the Peace of Münster signed earlier in January 1648, which ended the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Dutch Republic and is often considered part of the broader Peace of Westphalia).
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